微信开发笔记-调用自定义分享接口

引言：

　　工作中开发微信网站，简称微网站。由于微网站的分享内容是系统自动选取的当前网址，客户需要改变分享的内容，即点击屏幕右上角的分享按钮，选择发送给朋友和发送到朋友圈，其中的内容和图片需要自定义。于是查找文档微信JS-SDK说明文档一文和网站众多高手的经验，大体知道了调用的步骤，但是具体如何调用才能成功却是不了解的。经过一番试验，终于成功调用发送朋友和发送到朋友圈两个接口，此处记录调用的具体过程。

步骤一：引用js文件。

在需要调用JS接口的页面引入如下JS文件，（支持https）：http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js

步骤二:通过config接口注入权限验证配置wx.config({debug: true, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来，若要查看传入的参数，可以在pc端打开，参数信息会通过log打出，仅在pc端时才会打印。appId: '', // 必填，公众号的唯一标识timestamp: , // 必填，生成签名的时间戳nonceStr: '', // 必填，生成签名的随机串signature: '',// 必填，签名，见附录1jsApiList: [] // 必填，需要使用的JS接口列表，所有JS接口列表见附录2});网上众多网友也是这样写的，但是具体如果配却谈之甚少，接下来介绍本文是如何调用的。

debug和appId，都不用说，很简单。

timespan生成签名的时间戳：/// <summary>/// 生成时间戳/// 从 1970 年 1 月 1 日 00：00：00 至今的秒数，即当前的时间，且最终需要转换为字符串形式/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public string getTimestamp(){TimeSpan ts = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0);return Convert.ToInt64(ts.TotalSeconds).ToString();}nonceStr生成签名的随机串：/// <summary>/// 生成随机字符串/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public string getNoncestr(){Random random = new Random();return MD5Util.GetMD5(random.Next(1000).ToString(), "GBK");}/// <summary>/// MD5Util 的摘要说明。/// </summary>public class MD5Util{public MD5Util(){//// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑//}/** 获取大写的MD5签名结果 */public static string GetMD5(string encypStr, string charset){string retStr;MD5CryptoServiceProvider m5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();//创建md5对象byte[] inputBye;byte[] outputBye;//使用GB2312编码方式把字符串转化为字节数组．try{inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(encypStr);}catch (Exception ex){inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(encypStr);}outputBye = m5.ComputeHash(inputBye);retStr = System.BitConverter.ToString(outputBye);retStr = retStr.Replace("-", "").ToUpper();return retStr;}}View Code/// <summary>/// MD5Util 的摘要说明。/// </summary>public class MD5Util{public MD5Util(){//// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑//}/** 获取大写的MD5签名结果 */public static string GetMD5(string encypStr, string charset){string retStr;MD5CryptoServiceProvider m5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();//创建md5对象byte[] inputBye;byte[] outputBye;//使用GB2312编码方式把字符串转化为字节数组．try{inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(encypStr);}catch (Exception ex){inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(encypStr);}outputBye = m5.ComputeHash(inputBye);retStr = System.BitConverter.ToString(outputBye);retStr = retStr.Replace("-", "").ToUpper();return retStr;}}singature签名的生成比较麻烦。

首先生成获取access_token（有效期7200秒，开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存access_token）public string Getaccesstoken(){string appid = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WXZjAppID"].ToString();string secret = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WXZjAppSecret"].ToString();string urljson = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + secret;string strjson = "";UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();HttpWebRequest myRequest =(HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(urljson);myRequest.Method = "GET";myRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";HttpWebResponse response;Stream responseStream;StreamReader reader;string srcString;response = myRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);srcString = reader.ReadToEnd();reader.Close();if (srcString.Contains("access_token")){//CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(srcString);HP.CPS.BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel model = new BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel(srcString);strjson = model.GetValue("access_token");Session["access_tokenzj"] = strjson;}return strjson;}public class CommonJsonModelAnalyzer{protected string _GetKey(string rawjson){if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))return rawjson;rawjson = rawjson.Trim();string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' });if (jsons.Length < 2)return rawjson;return jsons[0].Replace(""", "").Trim();}protected string _GetValue(string rawjson){if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))return rawjson;rawjson = rawjson.Trim();string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);if (jsons.Length < 2)return rawjson;StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 1; i < jsons.Length; i++){builder.Append(jsons[i]);builder.Append(":");}if (builder.Length > 0)builder.Remove(builder.Length - 1, 1);string value = builder.ToString();if (value.StartsWith("""))value = value.Substring(1);if (value.EndsWith("""))value = value.Substring(0, value.Length - 1);return value;}protected List<string> _GetCollection(string rawjson){//[{},{}]List<string> list = new List<string>();if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))return list;rawjson = rawjson.Trim();StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();int nestlevel = -1;int mnestlevel = -1;for (int i = 0; i < rawjson.Length; i++){if (i == 0)continue;else if (i == rawjson.Length - 1)continue;char jsonchar = rawjson[i];if (jsonchar == '{'){nestlevel++;}if (jsonchar == '}'){nestlevel--;}if (jsonchar == '['){mnestlevel++;}if (jsonchar == ']'){mnestlevel--;}if (jsonchar == ',' && nestlevel == -1 && mnestlevel == -1){list.Add(builder.ToString());builder = new StringBuilder();}else{builder.Append(jsonchar);}}if (builder.Length > 0)list.Add(builder.ToString());return list;}}public class CommonJsonModel : CommonJsonModelAnalyzer{private string rawjson;private bool isValue = false;private bool isModel = false;private bool isCollection = false;public CommonJsonModel(string rawjson){this.rawjson = rawjson;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))throw new Exception("missing rawjson");rawjson = rawjson.Trim();if (rawjson.StartsWith("{")){isModel = true;}else if (rawjson.StartsWith("[")){isCollection = true;}else{isValue = true;}}public string Rawjson{get { return rawjson; }}public bool IsValue(){return isValue;}public bool IsValue(string key){if (!isModel)return false;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return false;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);return submodel.IsValue();}}return false;}public bool IsModel(){return isModel;}public bool IsModel(string key){if (!isModel)return false;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return false;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);return submodel.IsModel();}}return false;}public bool IsCollection(){return isCollection;}public bool IsCollection(string key){if (!isModel)return false;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return false;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);return submodel.IsCollection();}}return false;}/// <summary>/// 当模型是对象，返回拥有的key/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public List<string> GetKeys(){if (!isModel)return null;List<string> list = new List<string>();foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){string key = new CommonJsonModel(subjson).Key;if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))list.Add(key);}return list;}/// <summary>/// 当模型是对象，key对应是值，则返回key对应的值/// </summary>/// <param name="key"></param>/// <returns></returns>public string GetValue(string key){if (!isModel)return null;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return null;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key)return model.Value;}return null;}/// <summary>/// 模型是对象，key对应是对象，返回key对应的对象/// </summary>/// <param name="key"></param>/// <returns></returns>public CommonJsonModel GetModel(string key){if (!isModel)return null;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return null;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);if (!submodel.IsModel())return null;elsereturn submodel;}}return null;}/// <summary>/// 模型是对象，key对应是集合，返回集合/// </summary>/// <param name="key"></param>/// <returns></returns>public CommonJsonModel GetCollection(string key){if (!isModel)return null;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return null;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);if (!submodel.IsCollection())return null;elsereturn submodel;}}return null;}/// <summary>/// 模型是集合，返回自身/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public List<CommonJsonModel> GetCollection(){List<CommonJsonModel> list = new List<CommonJsonModel>();if (IsValue())return list;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(rawjson)){list.Add(new CommonJsonModel(subjson));}return list;}/// <summary>/// 当模型是值对象，返回key/// </summary>private string Key{get{if (IsValue())return base._GetKey(rawjson);return null;}}/// <summary>/// 当模型是值对象，返回value/// </summary>private string Value{get{if (!IsValue())return null;return base._GetValue(rawjson);}}}View Codepublic class CommonJsonModelAnalyzer{protected string _GetKey(string rawjson){if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))return rawjson;rawjson = rawjson.Trim();string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' });if (jsons.Length < 2)return rawjson;return jsons[0].Replace(""", "").Trim();}protected string _GetValue(string rawjson){if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))return rawjson;rawjson = rawjson.Trim();string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);if (jsons.Length < 2)return rawjson;StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 1; i < jsons.Length; i++){builder.Append(jsons[i]);builder.Append(":");}if (builder.Length > 0)builder.Remove(builder.Length - 1, 1);string value = builder.ToString();if (value.StartsWith("""))value = value.Substring(1);if (value.EndsWith("""))value = value.Substring(0, value.Length - 1);return value;}protected List<string> _GetCollection(string rawjson){//[{},{}]List<string> list = new List<string>();if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))return list;rawjson = rawjson.Trim();StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();int nestlevel = -1;int mnestlevel = -1;for (int i = 0; i < rawjson.Length; i++){if (i == 0)continue;else if (i == rawjson.Length - 1)continue;char jsonchar = rawjson[i];if (jsonchar == '{'){nestlevel++;}if (jsonchar == '}'){nestlevel--;}if (jsonchar == '['){mnestlevel++;}if (jsonchar == ']'){mnestlevel--;}if (jsonchar == ',' && nestlevel == -1 && mnestlevel == -1){list.Add(builder.ToString());builder = new StringBuilder();}else{builder.Append(jsonchar);}}if (builder.Length > 0)list.Add(builder.ToString());return list;}}public class CommonJsonModel : CommonJsonModelAnalyzer{private string rawjson;private bool isValue = false;private bool isModel = false;private bool isCollection = false;public CommonJsonModel(string rawjson){this.rawjson = rawjson;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))throw new Exception("missing rawjson");rawjson = rawjson.Trim();if (rawjson.StartsWith("{")){isModel = true;}else if (rawjson.StartsWith("[")){isCollection = true;}else{isValue = true;}}public string Rawjson{get { return rawjson; }}public bool IsValue(){return isValue;}public bool IsValue(string key){if (!isModel)return false;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return false;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);return submodel.IsValue();}}return false;}public bool IsModel(){return isModel;}public bool IsModel(string key){if (!isModel)return false;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return false;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);return submodel.IsModel();}}return false;}public bool IsCollection(){return isCollection;}public bool IsCollection(string key){if (!isModel)return false;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return false;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);return submodel.IsCollection();}}return false;}/// <summary>/// 当模型是对象，返回拥有的key/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public List<string> GetKeys(){if (!isModel)return null;List<string> list = new List<string>();foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){string key = new CommonJsonModel(subjson).Key;if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))list.Add(key);}return list;}/// <summary>/// 当模型是对象，key对应是值，则返回key对应的值/// </summary>/// <param name="key"></param>/// <returns></returns>public string GetValue(string key){if (!isModel)return null;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return null;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key)return model.Value;}return null;}/// <summary>/// 模型是对象，key对应是对象，返回key对应的对象/// </summary>/// <param name="key"></param>/// <returns></returns>public CommonJsonModel GetModel(string key){if (!isModel)return null;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return null;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);if (!submodel.IsModel())return null;elsereturn submodel;}}return null;}/// <summary>/// 模型是对象，key对应是集合，返回集合/// </summary>/// <param name="key"></param>/// <returns></returns>public CommonJsonModel GetCollection(string key){if (!isModel)return null;if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))return null;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)){CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);if (!model.IsValue())continue;if (model.Key == key){CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);if (!submodel.IsCollection())return null;elsereturn submodel;}}return null;}/// <summary>/// 模型是集合，返回自身/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public List<CommonJsonModel> GetCollection(){List<CommonJsonModel> list = new List<CommonJsonModel>();if (IsValue())return list;foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(rawjson)){list.Add(new CommonJsonModel(subjson));}return list;}/// <summary>/// 当模型是值对象，返回key/// </summary>private string Key{get{if (IsValue())return base._GetKey(rawjson);return null;}}/// <summary>/// 当模型是值对象，返回value/// </summary>private string Value{get{if (!IsValue())return null;return base._GetValue(rawjson);}}}接着获取jsapi_ticket：

用第一步拿到的access_token 采用http GET方式请求获得jsapi_ticket（有效期7200秒，开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存jsapi_ticket）public string Getjsapi_ticket(){string accesstoken = (string)Session["access_tokenzj"];string urljson = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + accesstoken + "&type=jsapi";string strjson = "";UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(urljson);myRequest.Method = "GET";myRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";HttpWebResponse response = myRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();StreamReader reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);string srcString = reader.ReadToEnd();reader.Close();if (srcString.Contains("ticket")){HP.CPS.BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel model = new BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel(srcString);strjson = model.GetValue("ticket");Session["ticketzj"] = strjson;}return strjson;}最后生成signature：public string Getsignature(string nonceStr, string timespanstr){if (Session["access_tokenzj"] == null){Getaccesstoken();}if (Session["ticketzj"] == null){Getjsapi_ticket();}string url = Request.Url.ToString();string str = "jsapi_ticket=" + (string)Session["ticketzj"] + "&noncestr=" + nonceStr +"&timestamp=" + timespanstr + "&url=" + url;// +"&wxref=mp.weixin.qq.com";string singature = SHA1Util.getSha1(str);string ss = singature;return ss;}class SHA1Util{public static String getSha1(String str){//建立SHA1对象SHA1 sha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();//将mystr转换成byte[]ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding();byte[] dataToHash = enc.GetBytes(str);//Hash运算byte[] dataHashed = sha.ComputeHash(dataToHash);//将运算结果转换成stringstring hash = BitConverter.ToString(dataHashed).Replace("-", "");return hash;}}class SHA1Util{public static String getSha1(String str){//建立SHA1对象SHA1 sha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();//将mystr转换成byte[]ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding();byte[] dataToHash = enc.GetBytes(str);//Hash运算byte[] dataHashed = sha.ComputeHash(dataToHash);//将运算结果转换成stringstring hash = BitConverter.ToString(dataHashed).Replace("-", "");return hash;}}View Code

本文调用实例：<script type="text/javascript">wx.config({debug: false,appId: '<%=corpid %>',timestamp: <%=timestamp%>,nonceStr: '<%=nonceStr%>',signature: '<%=signature %>',jsApiList: ['onMenuShareTimeline', 'onMenuShareAppMessage']});</script>步骤三：调用接口

在进行完第二步的调用后，步骤三就显得非常轻巧了。wx.ready(function(){// config信息验证后会执行ready方法，所有接口调用都必须在config接口获得结果之后，config是一个客户端的异步操作，所以如果需要在页面加载时就调用相关接口，则须把相关接口放在ready函数中调用来确保正确执行。对于用户触发时才调用的接口，则可以直接调用，不需要放在ready函数中。});本文的调用实例是：<script type="text/javascript" >wx.ready(function () {wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({title: '<%=shareTitle %>',desc: '<%=shareContent %>',link: '<%=currentUrl %>',imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'});wx.onMenuShareTimeline({title: '<%=shareContent %>',link: '<%=currentUrl %>',imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'});})</script><script type="text/javascript" >wx.ready(function () {wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({title: '<%=shareTitle %>',desc: '<%=shareContent %>',link: '<%=currentUrl %>',imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'});wx.onMenuShareTimeline({title: '<%=shareContent %>',link: '<%=currentUrl %>',imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'});})</script>本文基本上总结到此处。易出现的问题：

1、检查后台是否设置：右上角公众号名称--功能设置--JS接口安全域名

2、检查代码里的appid和公众号后台的id是否一致

3、图片的调用地址是绝对路径（相对路径好像不行）。

更多微信开发笔记-调用自定义分享接口相关文章请关注PHP中文网！